{"id":14218,"date":"2025-09-12T17:15:33","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T21:15:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/?p=14218"},"modified":"2025-09-12T17:15:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T21:15:33","slug":"a-biography-of-samuel-hahnemann","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/12\/a-biography-of-samuel-hahnemann\/","title":{"rendered":"A Biography of Samuel Hahnemann"},"content":{"rendered":"

Samuel Hahnemann was the third child\u00a0of five<\/a>\u00a0and eldest son of a pottery painter in the porcelain town of Meissen in Saxony. As a child, he showed a remarkable aptitude for study\u00a0Cook, 28<\/a>, excelling both in languages and in science; he was fluent in English, French, Greek and Latin. Even \u201cat the early age of 12 he helped his master to teach Greek,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 13<\/a>\u00a0to other students. Hahnemann was \u201ca pupil of exceptional ability,\u201d\u00a0Cook, 24<\/a>\u00a0with \u201can exceptional talent for languages;\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 13<\/a>\u00a0he \u201cwas drawn irresistibly towards science and research.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 14<\/a><\/p>\n

Significant dates in his life:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1755 10 April – birth 1775 to Leipzig University 1777 Spring – to Vienna 1777 October – to Hermannstadt 1779 Spring – leaves Hermanstadt for Erlangen University 1779 August – MD Erlangen 1782 Dec – marries Johanna Kuchler 1783 Henrietta born 1786 Frederick born 1788 Wilhelmina born 1789-1804 unhappy wandering in Saxony 1790 his mother dies; first proving with Cinchona 1791 Caroline born 1795 Frederika born 1798 Ernst born 1803 Eleonore born 1804 settles in Torgau for 7 years 1805 Charlotte born 1806 Louisa born 1811 Spring – moves to Leipzig 1820 loses legal battle in Leipzig to dispense his own drugs 1821 June – moves to Coethen 1830 30th March – Johanna dies in Coethen 1834 8th October – Melanie arrives in Coethn 1835 18th January – 2nd marriage 1835 7th June – leaves Coethen for Paris 1835 21st June – arrives in Paris 1842 Feb – composes the final 6th Organon 1843 2nd July – death<\/p>\n

Student<\/a>\u00a0Years<\/strong><\/p>\n

At Easter 1775, he enrolled at the University of Leipzig to study medicine, but he soon became disappointed with its poor facilities, as medical students at Leipzig had \u201cneither clinic nor hospital at their disposal.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 20<\/a>\u00a0While there, and to enhance his meagre income, he undertook translation work for a fee, such as translating four books from the English\u00a0Cook, 33<\/a>, and teaching French to a wealthy Greek man\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 11<\/a>\u00a0\u201cin order to help him earn his living.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 19<\/a>\u00a0He declined to engage in the social life with other students\u00a0Cook, 33<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Early in 1777, he transferred as a medical\u00a0Student<\/a>\u00a0to Vienna, to gain greater clinical experience, though this proved very costly on his paltry allowance. After only nine months\u00a0October 1777<\/a>, and after being robbed\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 11, 20<\/a>, financial hardship forced him to abandon his studentship. However, he had so deeply impressed the physician to the royal court, Professor von Quarin\u00a01733-1814<\/a>, that he secured for him a secondment to practise medicine for a rich patron in Transylvania, the Governor of Hermannstadt\u00a0now Sibiu, Romania<\/a>, Samuel von Brukenthal\u00a01721-1803<\/a>.<\/p>\n

As family physician and curator of the museum and capacious library, Hahnemann stayed there for 18 months cataloguing the Governor\u2019s coin collection\u00a0Cook, 35; Haehl, vol. 1, 11<\/a>, ancient books and manuscripts, one of the finest collections in Europe of texts on alchemy and magic. While there, he had \u201cthe opportunity of learning several other necessary languages and of acquiring knowledge of some collateral sciences.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 11<\/a>\u00a0Upon leaving Hermannstadt in the Spring of 1779, he \u201cwas proficient in Greek, Latin, English and Spanish.\u201d\u00a0Cook, 35<\/a><\/p>\n

Hahnemann submitted a thesis on\u00a0Cramps<\/a>\u00a0Conspectus adfectuum spasmodicorum; Cook, 36<\/a>\u00a0and registered for the degree of MD at Erlangen\u00a0Cook, 36<\/a>\u00a0in August 1779 after only one term\u2019s further study. He chose Erlangen \u201conly because he had learned that the fees there would be less.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 24<\/a>\u00a0What he did or where he lived during 1779-80 is unknown\u00a0Cook, 38; Haehl, vol. 1, 27<\/a>, but in 1781, he took a village doctor\u2019s position in the copper-mining area of Mansfeld, Saxony\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 26<\/a>. He obtained various medical positions during 1780-83, but soon after his marriage\u00a01782<\/a>\u00a0he became increasingly disenchanted with the imperfections of medical practice,\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 29, 33; Cook, 47, 52<\/a>\u00a0and turned once again to translation work to enhance his modest income and to feed his growing family.<\/p>\n

Dresden<\/strong><\/p>\n

On moving to Dresden in 1784, and by this time hugely dissatisfied with the harmfulness and inefficacy of medicine, he gave up medical practice entirely to devote himself to translation work on a full-time basis. In Dresden, \u201cHahnemann\u2026practised his profession only to obtain definite proofs against it.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 49<\/a>\u00a0In 1784 \u201c\u2026he translated Demarchy\u2019s \u201cThe Art of Manufacturing Chemical Products\u201d from the French. It was an elaborate work in two volumes, to which he made numerous additions of his own.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 34<\/a>\u00a0As a result, he willingly endured great poverty: \u201cHahnemann at this time, 1790, was poor,\u201d\u00a0Bradford, 47<\/a>. His \u201cstruggle with poverty,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 34<\/a>\u00a0reduced him to the merely passive role of a\u00a0Scholar<\/a>\u00a0of the medical past and a translator of medical texts; \u201chis translation work gave him meagre support\u2026in the year 1791, poverty compelled him to move from Leipzig to Stotteritz,\u201d\u00a0Bradford, 51<\/a>. \u201cHe reduced himself and his family to want for conscience sake,\u201d\u00a0Bradford, 36<\/a>.<\/p>\n

He soon came to be highly regarded as a translator of scientific and medical texts from French and English for the Dresden Economical Society. At this stage, his future as a respected translator for the scientific community, was assured: \u201cthe more definitely Hahnemann passed into oblivion as a doctor, the greater grew his reputation as a writer on medical subjects. Orders for translations poured in on him from Leipzig.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 58<\/a>\u00a0In spite of honours heaped upon him by some learned societies\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 35<\/a>, could such a fate have even remotely satisfied the ambitions and talents of this man?<\/p>\n

When Hahnemann says, \u201cin Dresden, I played no prominent part,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 31<\/a>\u00a0he means no prominent part in medicine, because he was chiefly a passive translator and\u00a0Scholar<\/a>\u00a0and engaged in the raising of his growing family.<\/p>\n

Wandering Years<\/strong><\/p>\n

Curiously for one so qualified, throughout the next twenty years or so, a strange wanderlust drove him\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0to drag his growing family, from town to town, never staying in one place for more than a few months or a year. For example, in 12 years from 1792-1804, he lived in fourteen different towns. During this important phase of \u201chis\u00a0Restless<\/a>\u00a0wandering life,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 23<\/a>\u00a0he was a lonely figure, thoroughly disgusted with medicine\u00a0Cook, 52; Haehl, vol. 1, 64<\/a>\u00a0and completing many translations for his sole income. Between 1777 and 1806 he translated 24 large textbooks and numerous articles into\u00a0German<\/a>, usually accompanied with extensive footnotes and detailed corrections of his own. Hahnemann \u201csat at his desk writing until his fingers were sore. There was no more talk of medical practice. The doctor was a fanatic devotee of the quill pen, who now drowned his sorrows over his lost medical career in a sea of ink.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 61<\/a><\/p>\n

During these \u201cRestless<\/a>\u00a0years of wandering,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 13<\/a>\u00a0Hahnemann was the while developing his ideas and publishing essays based upon his studies. In what was undoubtedly a crucial period of his life, and not apparent to the outer observer, his medical views were undergoing a revolution as he slowly accumulated evidence for radically new medical concepts and methods, which would, in due course, significantly change his future course in life. His \u201cwhole intellect was in a state of ferment\u2026and complete internal revolution.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0Haehl gives a very sound analysis of the problem. Hahnemann was \u201cdistracted by mental labours, which drove him restlessly from town to town.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0Once he had finished \u201cwrestling with his thoughts,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0and \u201cthe work of the mind accomplished,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0then his \u201cpeace and tranquillity returned of their own accord.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a>\u00a0His particular \u2018mental labours\u2019 undoubtedly concerned his abandonment of medicine and his search for safer and more efficacious medical concepts and methods.<\/p>\n

However, what was crucial about his wandering years, for his future work, was that through translation work, he could begin to scrutinise every idea and method in medicine ever advanced, and evaluate its usefulness and efficacy. Translation work opened up for him new medical worlds, which he could inspect and contemplate as evidence in his own search for medical enlightenment.<\/p>\n

It was in 1790, while translating William Cullen\u2019s Materia Medica that the first evidence emerged for the great things still to come. Unconvinced by Cullen\u2019s theory that Cinchona was a specific for Malaria because of its tonic action on the stomach, Hahnemann decided to take a small dose of Cinchona over several days to observe its effects. In this first proving experiment, Hahnemann observed symptoms broadly similar to those of malaria, including spasms and\u00a0Fever<\/a>.\u00a0Cook, 59; Haehl 37, 39<\/a>\u00a0With Cinchona, he had \u201cproduced in himself the symptoms of intermittent\u00a0Fever<\/a>,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 39<\/a>\u00a0which suggested to him a medical principle. He thus established anew the validity of an old therapeutic maxim: \u2018like cures like\u2019 or similia similibus curentur.<\/p>\n

With his family and friends, he then undertook further drug provings. \u201cDay after day, he tested medicines on himself and others. He collected histories of cases of poisoning. His purpose was to establish a physiological doctrine of medical remedies, free from all suppositions, and based solely on experiments.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 92<\/a>\u00a0In his search for new remedies to prove, \u201cHahnemann sent his children into the fields to collect henbane, sumach, and deadly nightshade. They grew up like young priests of the Asclepieion of Cos\u2026they felt the leaves, blossoms and tubers with small but expert hands\u2026everyone was obliged to join in the work\u2026for there was no other way to succeed in his titanic plan of rescuing the wealth of\u00a0Natural Remedies<\/a>\u00a0from the quagmire of textbooks, and displaying it in the bright light of experience.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 93-94<\/a>\u00a0His family and friends became central to his task: \u201cthe family huddled together; and every free moment of every one of them, from the oldest to the youngest, was made use of for the testing of medicines and the gathering of the most precise information on their observed effects.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 114<\/a>\u00a0The results of his investigations were meticulously catalogued: \u201cHahnemann neatly and conscientiously assembled and numbered his observations of the symptoms excited in himself and his children by the most varied of medicines.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 114<\/a><\/p>\n

However, another fifteen years elapsed before his thinking, study and experiments finally bore rich fruit. In 1796, his Essay on a New Principle consolidated the work with Cinchona, extending it into a general principle applicable for all drugs, and this laid the foundation for a complete system of medicine based on similia. By 1796 he was also practising medicine again, but \u201che did not charge for the medicines which he produced himself.\u201d\u00a0Cook, 77<\/a>\u00a0In summary, we can see that the essence he had distilled from his wandering was: single drugs in moderate doses, employed for conditions seen when they are proved on healthy volunteers. From this alone, he was inspired to commence a lot of writing of his own.<\/p>\n

Torgau<\/strong><\/p>\n

In 1804, with \u201cthis\u00a0Restless<\/a>\u00a0inclination for travelling,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 47<\/a>\u00a0finally expended, he settled in Torgau, \u201cfor seven whole years,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 72<\/a>\u00a0– 1804-1811 – and began to write a series of important essays: all \u201chis chief works were produced in the Torgau period,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 74<\/a>\u00a0within which every detail of his new system was taking shape. Into these essays were instilled everything he had discovered in his\u00a0Restless<\/a>\u00a0wandering, deriving from his provings, his thinking and his studies. His Fragmenta de viribus\u00a01805<\/a>\u00a0presented the first published details of 27 provings, including Pulsatilla, Ignatia, Aconite, Drosera and Belladonna.\u00a0Cook, 95<\/a>\u00a0\u201c\u2026Hahnemann\u2019s \u201cFragmenta de viribus medicamentorum positivis.\u201d was published in Latin. This two-volume work gives us, for the first time, an insight into the remarkable, and so far unknown, methods of investigation, which he employed. It supplies reports on the tests of twenty seven medicines the results of years of experiment on himself and his family.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 122<\/a><\/p>\n

From the considerations he had arrived at in his wandering years, Hahnemann had sought to develop a medical system that relied solely on single drugs in harmless doses and based upon pure observation, empiricism and experiment. He sought to \u201cdo away with the blind chimney sweeper\u2019s methods of dulling symptoms,\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 99<\/a>\u00a0then so much in vogue. He fought \u201cwith redoubled energy for the purity of medicine. He struck deadly blows at three points: first, he believed that the doctor should prepare his own medicines; second, he advocated ever more definitely the administration of small doses; and, third, he was a most passionate opponent of mixed doses that contained a large number of ingredients.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 96<\/a><\/p>\n

Then came The Medicine of Experience in 1805, which was in every respect a forerunner of his Organon. His other essays of 1805, 1808 and 1809, amount to magnificent critiques of every mode of medical treatment and discussions of why similia and single drugs are superior, and always have been. These were soon followed up with his Materia Medica Pura\u00a01811<\/a>\u00a0and Organon\u00a01810<\/a>, which proved to be great landmarks in the establishment of homeopathy: \u201c\u2026the \u201cOrganon of the Art of Healing\u201d is presented in sections after the manner of a legal code.\u00a0Its<\/a>\u2026sections manifest the notable and intimidating terseness of legal paragraphs, which, despite their unequivocal and final character, can scarcely be understood without prolific commentaries.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 133<\/a>\u00a0Likewise, his radical experiments with dose reduction, commenced in 1798 and endlessly revised throughout his long life. The first decade of the nineteenth century saw an unprecedented outpouring of original texts, as soon as his wandering had ceased.<\/p>\n

This veritable dam-burst of literary activity was obviously preceded by two decades of study, experimentation and hard thinking. In 1806, his last translation, from the Latin, of Albrecht von Haller\u2019s Materia Medica\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 73<\/a>, signalled the end of the first phase of his life: the study of the views of others, and the beginning of a new phase: of being his own man, and of formulating and defending his own views.\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>, therefore, had a somewhat protracted \u2018birth,\u2019 emerging in pieces: between \u201c1790 and 1805\u2026Homeopathy<\/a>\u00a0was slowly coming to birth.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 48<\/a><\/p>\n

Of his stay in Torgau, it can be said that Hahnemann had, through his detailed and exhaustive studies, at last laid out a systematic and point-by-point demolition of every element in ancient and medieval medicine, leaving single drugs and similars as the only useful remnants. From these simple crumbs, combined with his experiments, he was able to build brilliant essays leading directly to the Organon, which is his detailed exposition of the whole conceptual and practical realm of\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Leipzig<\/strong><\/p>\n

In 1812, Hahnemann moved back to Leipzig, \u201cthe Saxon Athens,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 96<\/a>\u00a0with a new confidence and the chief intention of taking on the allopathic establishment. He was returning, \u201cpre-eminently as a teacher\u2026to declare publicly\u2026what he had discovered.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 96<\/a>\u00a0He obtained a teaching post on the faculty of the university medical school after defending a thesis on Hellebore, which quoted scores of ancient works in most European languages\u00a0Cook, 101; Haehl, vol. 1, 97<\/a>. Such was the vast extent of Hahnemann\u2019s knowledge of the medical past and of languages. Quoting from \u201cmore than fifty\u2026doctors, philosophers and naturalists,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 97<\/a>\u00a0he was able \u201cto show his extraordinary knowledge of languages\u2026and<\/a>\u00a0to quote verbatim from manifold\u00a0German<\/a>, French, English, Italian, Latin, Greek, Hebrew and Arabic medical writers.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 97<\/a>\u00a0Such a performance was hugely impressive to the academics present.<\/p>\n

Yet, his lectures to students, though starting out well, soon degenerated into a predictably caricatured performance with long-winded and bitter assaults upon the medical mainstream, which had Hahnemann ranting and raving like \u201ca raging hurricane against the old methods,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 98<\/a>\u00a0and which saw his students dwindle to single figures. By unleashing such \u201cuncontrolled and abusive attacks on contemporary medicine\u2026he became incoherent and lost the sympathy of his audience.\u201d\u00a0Cook, 105<\/a>\u00a0Consequently, \u201chis audience lessened every hour and finally consisted of only a few.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 98<\/a>\u00a0For example, the winter semester 1820-21 \u201chad been attended by only seven students.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 120<\/a>\u00a0This situation inevitably weakened his position in the university. Imagine if, by contrast, his course of instruction had been very popular, with swarms of students, then it would have been very difficult for the professors to attack him. That was sadly not to be.<\/p>\n

Orthodox attacks upon him and upon\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>\u00a0became increasingly coordinated, amounting to a \u201cvicious campaign of persecution,\u201d\u00a0Cook, 124<\/a>\u00a0which soon reached such a pitch as to make his life in Leipzig almost intolerable. He was \u201cneglected and avoided by the students,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 117<\/a>\u00a0and was \u201cobliged to leave Leipzig,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 118<\/a>\u00a0because of \u201cthis continuous antagonism of the medical profession and the governmental decree about self-dispensing,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 118<\/a>\u00a0of drugs, which very effectively barred him from further legal medical practice. Though he had achieved a lot, of leaving Leipzig some might say \u201cHahnemann felt himself to be almost excluded\u2026and<\/a>\u00a0once more resolved upon migration,\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 117<\/a>\u00a0as the most dignified solution.<\/p>\n

Coethen<\/strong><\/p>\n

By the end of 1820, he had therefore resolved to leave Leipzig. This was eventually achieved through protracted negotiations with the kindly Duke Ferdinand of Altona-Coethen. Hahnemann finally obtained in April approval from the Duke for a position in Coethen, and moved there in June 1821.\u00a0Cook, 25<\/a>\u00a0This edict also allowed Hahnemann to do precisely what he had been denied in Leipzig: \u201cto prepare his own medicines.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 120<\/a>\u00a0The comfort that must have brought would have seemed like a blessing from Heaven. He remained in Coethen with his wife and daughters, Charlotte and Louisa, in \u2019splendid isolation\u2019 for fourteen years\u00a01821-1835<\/a>. Meanwhile, he continued to publish essays and books, updating his Organon, and Materia Medica Pura.<\/p>\n

His publication in 1828 of The Chronic Diseases, opened up an entirely new chapter by exploring the underlying causes of disease as rooted solely in three ancient dyscrasias: skin diseases\u00a0Psora<\/a>, gonorrhoea\u00a0Sycosis<\/a>\u00a0and Syphilis. From \u201cfrequent observations, Hahnemann had discovered that chronic maladies\u2026had some connection with a previous outbreak of Psora.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 138<\/a>\u00a0This \u2018miasm theory\u2019 stirred up great controversy among his followers, and seems to have instinctively elicited much more ridicule than it did praise. To Hahnemann, Psora was \u201ca disease or disposition to disease, hereditary from generation to generation for thousands of years, and\u2026the fostering soil for every possible diseased condition.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 144<\/a>\u00a0The theory \u201cdid not receive unanimous support from his followers, even after Hahnemann\u2019s death.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 150<\/a>\u00a0At the same time, he sought to have 30c potency established throughout\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>\u00a0as the standard\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 321-2<\/a>. In this endeavour, he failed dismally, because the majority of his contemporaries preferred tinctures and 3x, while others, like Jenichen\u00a01787-1849<\/a>, Korsakoff\u00a01788-1853<\/a>\u00a0and Schreter\u00a01803-1864<\/a>, were busy raising potency to heights way beyond his wildest dreams\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 321-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Second Marriage<\/strong><\/p>\n

On 8th October 1834\u00a0Cook, 164<\/a>, four and a half years after the death of his first wife, Johanna, a new lady entered his life: Melanie D\u2019Hervilly Gohier\u00a01800-1878<\/a>, a young, attractive and well-connected French artist, who paid him a surprise visit in Coethen. Over forty years younger than him, she became first his patient, then his\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>\u00a0Student<\/a>\u00a0and then his lover. They were married on 18th January 1835 in Coethen\u00a0Cook, 166<\/a>\u00a0and moved to Paris on 7th June\u00a0Cook, 168<\/a>. \u201cAnd the old man from another land came to know this wonderful city of Paris as a vision from the Arabian Nights. He came to know its mysterious magic formula, which combines the maximum of freedom with the strictest observance of tradition.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 234<\/a>\u00a0Their love affair and marriage caused a sensation among his\u00a0German<\/a>\u00a0colleagues and neighbours, and scurrilous local \u201cnewspaper reports attempted to ridicule the marriage.\u201d\u00a0Cook, 168<\/a>\u00a0\u201cWhen this strange marriage had taken place,\u00a0A.D.H.D.<\/a>been sufficiently discussed, a storm of slander and vilification broke like a cloudburst.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 219<\/a>\u00a0On Hahnemann\u2019s departure for Paris, \u201chis daughters moved back into their father\u2019s house, where they lived until their death.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 131<\/a>\u00a0They were not very fond of Melanie.<\/p>\n

Whatever we might make of her behaviour or motives, he repeatedly stated in letters how happy he was with Melanie in Paris: \u201cbetter and happier than I have been for years.\u201d\u00a0Haehl, vol. 2, 375<\/a>\u00a0It is also certain that in those final, blissfully happy, eight years of his life, he established a thriving medical practice in Paris with his young wife, becoming a celebrity and the preferred physician of the rich and famous, as well as giving free treatment to the poor. He and Melanie made a fortune together, allegedly four million francs in eight years\u00a0Haehl, vol. 2, 344-5<\/a>. She will ever remain an enigma. Melanie was, for her enemies, \u201can ambitious and self seeking intellectual\u2026but<\/a>\u00a0for the man who loved her, a gentle, wide eyed, enchanted creature.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 222<\/a>\u00a0She \u201cnever left his side. She mastered his casebooks, all the symptoms and most obscure notes of the Materia Medica Pura, as none of his pupils had ever done. She became a living compendium of\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 241<\/a><\/p>\n

Although Hahnemann had introduced the smelling of remedies, or Olfaction, in 1832\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 181<\/a>, but it was during this last phase of his long life that he established Olfaction and the LM potencies as central pillars of his Paris practice. They are mentioned in detail in his final Sixth Organon\u00a01842<\/a>, which, however, did not see the light of day until 1922\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 86-7<\/a>. In old age, Hahnemann \u201cgrew thinner and more dwarflike. His knees bent in slightly; his torso was thrust forward, both when he walked and when he stood still\u2026but the head, which ever more and more dominated the body, remained erect and sovereign.\u201d\u00a0Gumpert, 238<\/a>\u00a0It was also in Paris where he made the last revisions of the Fifth Organon in February 1842, though it was never sent to a publisher\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 241, 286<\/a>. It is also clear that his Paris years were filled with continuous experimentation,\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 327-8<\/a>\u00a0especially regarding dosage, potency and mode of administering remedies. It was at this time that he devised the liquid doses and LM potency scale\u00a0Haehl, vol. 1, 329<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Death<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hahnemann died in Paris of bronchitis, 2 July 1843 and was buried first in Montmartre, but later reinterred in a more grandiose tomb, paid for by American subscription, in the more prestigious Cimiti\u00eare Pere Lachaise, where many famous people are buried\u00a0e.g. Edith Piaf and Chopin<\/a>. Partly through attracting great controversy, and partly through impressive clinical results,\u00a0Homeopathy<\/a>\u00a0spread rapidly in Europe, Russia, India and the Americas, where it always found the sympathy of the rich and titled, as a safe alternative to bleeding and purging.<\/p>\n

Most important works:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Essay on a New Principle\u00a01796<\/a>\u00a0Are the Obstacles to Medical Practice Insurmountable?\u00a01797<\/a>\u00a0Cure & Prevention of Scarlet\u00a0Fever<\/a>\u00a01801<\/a>\u00a0On the Power of Small Doses\u00a01801<\/a>\u00a0Aesculapius in the Balance\u00a01805<\/a>\u00a0Fragmenta de viribus medicamentorum positivis\u00a01805<\/a>\u00a0The Medicine of Experience\u00a01805<\/a>\u00a0On the Value of the Speculative Systems of Medicine\u00a01808<\/a>\u00a0Observations on the Three Modes of Medical Practice\u00a01809<\/a>\u00a0Hellebore thesis\u00a01812<\/a>\u00a0Sources of the Materia Medica\u00a01817<\/a>\u00a0Contrast of Old and New Medical Systems\u00a01825<\/a>\u00a0Four essays on Cholera\u00a01831<\/a><\/p>\n

All these essays can all be read in his Lesser Writings edited by Dudgeon, some of which are viewable online at:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.minutus.org\/lesser.htm<\/p>\n

www.homeopathyfaq.com\/index.htm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Samuel Hahnemann was the third child\u00a0of five\u00a0and eldest son of a pottery painter in the porcelain town of Meissen in Saxony. As a child, he showed a remarkable aptitude for study\u00a0Cook, 28, excelling both in languages and in science; he was fluent in English, French, Greek and Latin. Even \u201cat the early age of 12 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-homeopathy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14218\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valuecare.wpgamma.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}